Heavy! The State Council passed the regulations on the administration of earthquake resistance of construction projects (Draft)!
Time : 2021-05-12
Recently, Premier Li Keqiang chaired an executive meeting of the State Council, which adopted the regulations on the administration of earthquake resistance of construction projects (Draft), defined the requirements and measures for seismic fortification of new, reconstructed and expanded construction projects, standardized the seismic identification, reinforcement and maintenance of completed construction projects, and strengthened the seismic fortification of rural construction projects. Compaction responsibility, strengthen supervision, increase punishment, ensure project quality and ensure the safety of people's lives and property.
Key contents:
The persons directly in charge and other persons directly responsible of the unit shall be fined not less than 5% but not more than 10% of the fine of the unit.
It is necessary to conduct seismic performance appraisal for construction projects, conduct safety monitoring for construction projects with serious seismic safety hazards, and take measures such as stopping or restricting use before reinforcement.
If the construction unit violates the contract, it shall be ordered to make corrections and fined 2% ~ 4% of the project contract price; If the project does not meet the mandatory standards for seismic fortification, it shall be responsible for rework, reinforcement and compensation for losses; If the circumstances are serious, it shall be ordered to suspend business for rectification, reduce its qualification level or revoke its qualification certificate.
If the construction unit explicitly or implicitly indicates that the construction unit reduces the seismic performance of the project, it shall be ordered to make corrections and be fined not less than 200000 yuan but not more than 500000 yuan.
If the construction unit fails to take samples for inspection or uses unqualified isolation and damping devices, it shall be ordered to make corrections and be fined not less than 100000 yuan but not more than 200000 yuan; If the circumstances are serious, it shall be ordered to suspend business for rectification, reduce its qualification level or revoke its qualification certificate; If losses are caused, it shall be liable for compensation according to law.
The vibration isolation and damping device belongs to the main structure construction, which shall be completed by the general contractor.
After the completion acceptance is qualified, the information such as seismic reinforcement time and subsequent service life shall be publicized by means of information means or permanent signs at prominent parts of the project.
Introduction process:
The Ministry of housing and urban rural development drafted the regulations on the administration of earthquake resistance of construction projects (Draft for approval) and submitted it to the State Council for deliberation.
After receiving this, the Ministry of justice has repeatedly solicited opinions from relevant parties, conducted field research, repeatedly studied and revised it together with the Ministry of housing and urban rural development, and formed a draft for comments.
Scope of application:
Survey, design, construction, appraisal, reinforcement, maintenance, supervision and management of earthquake resistance of construction projects.
Emergency relief and other temporary construction projects are not applicable.
About survey, design and construction
First, it is stipulated that construction projects should avoid dangerous sections determined in the special plan for earthquake resistance and disaster prevention. Second, it stipulates the responsibilities of construction, survey and design, general contracting, construction, supervision, production and operation enterprises of isolation and damping devices, engineering quality inspection institutions and other parties. Third, it is stipulated that schools, kindergartens, hospitals, elderly care institutions, emergency command centers, emergency shelters and other public buildings shall take seismic measures higher than the requirements of ordinary housing buildings.
Identification, reinforcement and maintenance
First, clarify the seismic performance appraisal system of construction projects. Second, it is required to carry out safety monitoring on construction projects with serious potential seismic safety hazards, and take measures such as stopping or restricting use before reinforcement. Third: after the completion acceptance of seismic reinforcement is qualified, information such as seismic reinforcement time and subsequent service life shall be publicized. Fourth, it is required to inspect, repair and maintain the seismic components, isolation ditches, isolation joints, isolation and damping devices and signs of construction projects, and eliminate potential safety hazards in time.
Attached:
Regulations on the administration of earthquake resistance of construction projects (Draft for comments)
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1 These Regulations are formulated in accordance with the construction law of the people's Republic of China, the law of the people's Republic of China on earthquake prevention and disaster reduction and other laws in order to improve the earthquake resistance and disaster prevention capacity of construction projects, reduce the risk of earthquake disasters and ensure the safety of people's lives and property.
Article 2 These Regulations shall apply to the survey, design, construction, appraisal, reinforcement, maintenance and other activities of anti-seismic construction projects within the territory of the people's Republic of China, as well as their supervision and administration.
Article 3 construction, survey, design, construction, project supervision, production of isolation and damping devices, project quality inspection, seismic performance appraisal and other units and relevant personnel shall be responsible for the seismic resistance of construction projects according to law.
Article 4 earthquake resistance of construction projects shall adhere to the principles of people-oriented, comprehensive fortification and highlighting key points.
Article 5 the departments of housing and urban rural development, transportation, water conservancy, industry, information technology and energy under the State Council shall, in accordance with their respective responsibilities, be responsible for the supervision and administration of earthquake resistance of housing construction and municipal infrastructure, transportation, water conservancy, communication, energy and other construction projects throughout the country. The departments of housing and urban rural development, transportation, water conservancy, communications and energy of the local people's governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with their respective functions and duties, be responsible for the supervision and administration of earthquake resistance of housing construction and municipal infrastructure, transportation, water conservancy, communications and energy construction projects within their respective administrative areas. Other relevant departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with the provisions of these regulations and other relevant laws and regulations, be responsible for the work related to earthquake resistance of construction projects within their respective functions and responsibilities.
Article 6 the State encourages and supports the research, development and application of anti-seismic technology for construction projects. People's governments at all levels shall organize the publicity and popularization of knowledge about earthquake resistance of construction projects and improve the public's awareness of earthquake resistance and disaster prevention.
Article 7 the state establishes a system of seismic investigation, statistics and monitoring of construction projects. The people's governments at or above the county level shall organize relevant departments to investigate, count and monitor the seismic performance of construction projects, the application of seismic technology and industrial development.
Chapter II survey, design and construction
Article 8 construction projects shall avoid dangerous sections determined in the special plan for earthquake resistance and disaster prevention. If it is really unavoidable, anti-seismic measures that meet the functional requirements and adapt to the seismic damage effect shall be taken.
Article 9 new construction, expansion and reconstruction projects shall meet the mandatory standards for seismic fortification.
Article 10 the construction unit shall be responsible for the whole process of survey, design and construction of the construction project, specify the mandatory standards for seismic fortification adopted in the survey, design and construction contract, verify the survey and design results according to the requirements of the contract, organize project acceptance, and ensure that the construction project meets the mandatory standards for seismic fortification. The construction unit shall not express or imply that the survey, design, construction and other units and employees violate the mandatory standards for seismic fortification and reduce the seismic performance of the project.
Article 11 the survey documents of construction projects shall specify the types of anti-seismic sites, analyze the seismic damage effects of the sites, and put forward suggestions on project site selection, adverse geological disposal, etc. The design documents of construction projects shall specify the seismic fortification intensity, the category of seismic fortification and the seismic measures adopted. For construction projects using isolation and damping technology, the design documents shall put forward clear requirements for the technical performance, inspection and testing, construction, installation, use and maintenance of isolation and damping devices.
Article 12 for the following construction projects located in high intensity fortification areas and key earthquake monitoring and defense areas, the design unit shall take the special chapter on seismic fortification of construction projects as an integral part of the design documents at the preliminary design stage: (1) major construction projects; （2） Projects that may cause serious secondary disasters during earthquakes; （3） The project whose use function cannot be interrupted or needs to be restored as soon as possible during earthquake.
Article 13 for a high-rise building project exceeding the limit, the design unit shall explain it in the design documents, and the construction unit shall submit the design documents to the competent department of housing and urban rural construction of the people's Government of the province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the central government for seismic fortification examination and approval at the preliminary design stage. The specific measures shall be formulated by the competent department of housing and urban rural development under the State Council. The design unit shall design the construction drawings according to the approval opinions on seismic fortification of transfinite high-rise building projects.
Article 14 the general contractor, construction unit and project supervision unit shall strengthen the management of the construction quality of anti-seismic measures of construction projects to ensure that the quality responsibility can be traced. The State encourages general contracting units and construction units to collect and retain construction quality information of concealed works by means of informatization.
Article 15 schools, kindergartens, hospitals, elderly care institutions, emergency command centers, emergency shelters and other public buildings shall take anti-seismic measures in accordance with the requirements higher than ordinary housing buildings. New schools, kindergartens, hospitals, elderly care institutions, emergency command centers, emergency shelters and other public buildings located in high intensity fortified areas and key earthquake monitoring and defense areas shall adopt seismic isolation and damping technology to ensure that the building function will not be lost in the event of a fortified earthquake in this area. The State encourages the application of seismic isolation and damping technology in prefabricated buildings to improve seismic performance.
Article 16 The State shall strengthen the formulation of relevant technical standards for seismic isolation and damping devices. The production and operation enterprises of isolation and damping devices shall establish a quality information management system to collect and store the production, operation and testing information of isolation and damping devices, so as to ensure that the quality information of isolation and damping devices can be traced. The quality of vibration isolation and damping devices shall comply with the provisions of relevant product quality laws and regulations.
Article 17 before seismic isolation and damping devices are used in construction projects, the construction unit shall take samples under the supervision of the construction unit or the project supervision unit and send them to a qualified project quality testing institution entrusted by the construction unit for testing. In case of general construction contracting, the construction of isolation and damping devices belonging to the main structure of the construction project shall be completed by the general contracting unit itself. Unqualified vibration isolation and damping devices shall not be used. The project quality inspection institution shall be responsible for the authenticity and accuracy of the test data and test report of the isolation and damping device, and shall not issue false test data and test report.
Article 18 the construction unit shall record the design service life, structural system, seismic performance and other specific conditions of the building and the requirements for use and maintenance in the operation manual, and deliver the operation manual to the user or the buyer.
Article 19 If the buyer and lessee of the house inquire about the design service life, structural system, seismic performance, seismic reinforcement, demolition and change of the main structure and components of the house from relevant archives management institutions and construction units, the seller and lessor of the house shall cooperate.
第三章 Identification, reinforcement and maintenance
Article 20 the State applies a system for appraising the seismic performance of construction projects. The owner shall entrust an institution with corresponding technical conditions and capabilities to appraise a construction project that should be appraised for its seismic performance according to law. The State encourages existing construction projects other than those mentioned in the preceding paragraph that have not taken seismic fortification measures or have not met the mandatory standards for seismic fortification to conduct seismic performance appraisal.
Article 21 The results of seismic performance appraisal shall determine whether there are serious potential seismic safety hazards in the construction project and whether seismic reinforcement is necessary. The results of seismic performance appraisal shall be true, objective and accurate.
Article 22 the owner of a construction project shall monitor the safety of the construction project with serious potential seismic safety hazards, and take measures such as stopping or restricting the use before reinforcement. The owner of the existing construction project that needs seismic reinforcement and has reinforcement value according to the seismic performance appraisal results应当进行抗震加固。位于高烈度设防地区、地震重点监视防御区的学校、幼儿园、医院、养老机构、应急指挥中心、应急避难场所等既有公共建筑进行抗震加固时,应当采用隔震减震技术。
第二十三条 抗震加固应当依照《建设工程质量管理条例》等规定执行，并符合抗震设防强制性标准。After the completion acceptance is qualified, the information such as seismic reinforcement time and subsequent service life shall be publicized by means of information means or permanent signs at prominent parts of the project.
第二十四条 建设工程所有权人应当按照规定对建设工程抗震构件、隔震沟、隔震缝、隔震减震装置及标识进行检查、修缮和维护，及时排除安全隐患。任何单位和个人不得擅自变动、损坏或者拆除建设工程抗震构件、隔震沟、隔震缝、隔震减震装置及标识。任何单位和个人发现擅自变动、损坏或者拆除建设工程抗震构件、隔震沟、隔震缝、隔震减震装置及标识的行为，有权予以制止，并向住房城乡建设主管部门或者其他有关监督管理部门报告。
第四章 农村建设工程抗震设防
第二十五条 各级人民政府和有关部门应当加强对农村建设工程抗震设防的管理，提高农村建设工程抗震性能。
第二十六条 县级以上人民政府应当多方筹集资金，对经抗震性能鉴定未达到抗震设防强制性标准的农村村民住宅和乡村公共设施建设工程抗震加固给予支持。
第二十七条 县级以上地方人民政府应当编制、发放实用抗震技术图集。农村村民住宅建设可以选用抗震技术图集，也可以委托设计单位进行设计，并根据图集或者设计的要求进行施工。
第二十八条 县级以上地方人民政府应当加强对农村村民住宅和乡村公共设施建设工程抗震的指导和服务，加强技术培训，组织建设抗震示范住房，推广应用抗震性能好的结构形式及建造方法。
第二十九条 实施农村危房改造、易地扶贫搬迁、移民搬迁、灾后恢复重建等，应当保证建设工程达到抗震设防强制性标准。
第五章 保障与扶持
第三十条 县级以上人民政府应当加强对建设工程抗震管理工作的组织领导，建立建设工程抗震管理工作机制，将相关工作纳入本级国民经济和社会发展规划。县级以上人民政府应当将建设工程抗震工作所需经费列入本级预算。
第三十一条 直辖市、市、县人民政府应当制定并实施未采取抗震设防措施或者未达到抗震设防强制性标准的老旧房屋改造计划，并给予政策支持。国家鼓励建设工程所有权人结合电梯加装、节能改造等开展抗震加固，提升老旧房屋抗震性能。
第三十二条 国家鼓励金融机构开发和提供金融产品和服务，促进建设工程抗震防灾能力提高，支持建设工程抗震相关产业发展和新技术应用。县级以上地方人民政府应当依法综合运用政府和4166金沙之选合作、股权投资基金等方式，引导社会力量参与抗震性能鉴定、抗震加固。
第三十三条 国家鼓励科研教育机构依法设立建设工程抗震技术实验室和人才实训基地。县级以上人民政府应当依法对建设工程抗震新技术产业化项目用地、融资等给予政策支持。
第三十四条 县级以上人民政府住房城乡建设主管部门或者其他有关监督管理部门应当制定建设工程抗震新技术推广目录，加强对建设工程抗震管理和技术人员的培训。
第三十五条 地震灾害发生后，县级以上人民政府住房城乡建设主管部门或者其他有关监督管理部门应当开展建设工程安全应急评估和建设工程震害调查，收集、保存相关资料。
第六章 监督管理
第三十六条 县级以上人民政府住房城乡建设主管部门或者其他有关监督管理部门履行建设工程抗震监管职责时，有权采取以下措施：（一）对建设工程或者施工现场进行监督检查；（二）向有关人员调查了解有关情况；（三）查阅、复制被检查单位有关建设工程抗震的文件和资料；（四）对抗震结构材料、构件，隔震减震装置实施抽样检测；（五）查封涉嫌违反抗震设防强制性标准的施工现场；（六）发现可能影响抗震质量的问题时，责令相关单位进行必要的检测、鉴定。
第三十七条 县级以上人民政府住房城乡建设主管部门或者其他有关监督管理部门开展监督检查，应当随机抽取检查对象，随机选派执法检查人员，必要时可以委托专业机构进行抽样检测、抗震性能鉴定等技术支持工作。
第三十八条 县级以上人民政府住房城乡建设主管部门或者其他有关监督管理部门应当建立建设工程抗震责任企业及从业人员信用档案，将违反本条例的行为记入信用档案，并纳入全国信用信息共享平台。涉及有关企业和从业人员的行政许可、行政处罚、不良信用记录、监督检查结果等信息，应当依法通过国家相关信用信息公示系统向社会公示。
第七章 法律责任
第三十九条 违反本条例规定，住房城乡建设主管部门和其他有关监督管理部门工作人员在监督管理工作中玩忽职守、滥用职权、徇私舞弊的，依法给予处分。
第四十条 违反本条例规定，建设单位未按照规定申请超限高层建筑工程抗震设防审批，擅自施工的，责令停止施工，限期改正，处20万元以上100万元以下的罚款。违反本条例规定，建设单位明示或者暗示勘察、设计、施工等单位和从业人员违反抗震设防强制性标准，降低工程抗震性能的，责令改正，处20万元以上50万元以下的罚款。
第四十一条 违反本条例规定，设计单位有下列行为之一的，责令改正，处10万元以上30万元以下的罚款；情节严重的，责令停业整顿，降低资质等级或者吊销资质证书；造成损失的，依法承担赔偿责任：（一）未按照超限高层建筑工程抗震设防审批意见进行施工图设计；（二）未在初步设计阶段将建设工程抗震设防专篇作为设计文件组成部分；（三）未按照抗震设防强制性标准进行施工图设计。
第四十二条 违反本条例规定，施工单位在施工中不按照抗震设防强制性标准施工的，责令改正，处工程合同价款百分之二以上百分之四以下的罚款；造成建设工程不符合抗震设防强制性标准的，负责返工、加固，并赔偿因此造成的损失；情节严重的，责令停业整顿，降低资质等级或者吊销资质证书。
第四十三条 违反本条例规定，未对隔震减震装置取样送检或者使用不合格隔震减震装置的，责令改正，处10万元以上20万元以下的罚款；情节严重的，责令停业整顿，降低资质等级或者吊销资质证书；造成损失的，依法承担赔偿责任。
第四十四条 违反本条例规定，擅自变动、损坏或者拆除建设工程抗震构件、隔震沟、隔震缝、隔震减震装置及标识的，责令停止违法行为，恢复原状或者采取其他补救措施，对个人处5万元以上10万元以下的罚款，对单位处10万元以上30万元以下的罚款；造成损失的，依法承担赔偿责任。
第四十五条 违反本条例规定，抗震性能鉴定单位未按照抗震设防强制性标准进行抗震性能鉴定，或者出具虚假鉴定结果的，责令改正，处10万元以上30万元以下的罚款;情节严重的，责令停业整顿，并处30万元以上50万元以下的罚款；造成损失的，依法承担赔偿责任。
第四十六条 依照本条例规定，给予单位罚款处罚的，对The persons directly in charge and other persons directly responsible of the unit shall be fined not less than 5% but not more than 10% of the fine of the unit.本条例规定的责令停业整顿，降低资质等级或者吊销资质证书的行政处罚，由颁发资质证书的机关决定；其他行政处罚，由住房城乡建设、交通运输、水利、通信、能源等部门依照法定职权决定。
第四十七条 建设、勘察、设计、施工、工程监理等单位违反本条例规定的行为，《建设工程质量管理条例》《建设工程勘察设计管理条例》等规定行政处罚的，从其规定。
第四十八条 违反本条例规定的行为，构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
第八章 附 则
第四十九条 本条例下列用语的含义：（一）地震时使用功能不能中断或者需尽快恢复的建设工程：是指地震后提供应急医疗、供水、供电、交通、通信等保障或者应急指挥、避难疏散功能的建设工程。（二）高烈度设防地区：是指抗震设防烈度为八度及以上的地区。（三）超限高层建筑工程：是指超出国家现行标准所规定的适用高度和适用结构类型的高层建筑工程，以及体型特别不规则的建筑工程。
第五十条 抢险救灾及其他临时性建设工程不适用本条例。军事建设工程的抗震管理，中央军事委员会另有规定的，适用有关规定。
第五十一条 本条例自 年 月 日起施行。
（摘自建筑时报）
